{"id":2597,"date":"2022-03-29T16:20:17","date_gmt":"2022-03-29T16:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/sem-categoria\/garrafas-de-agua-de-plastico\/"},"modified":"2023-03-29T20:25:50","modified_gmt":"2023-03-29T20:25:50","slug":"garrafas-de-agua-de-plastico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/produtos-de-consumo\/garrafas-de-agua-de-plastico\/","title":{"rendered":"Garrafas de \u00e1gua de pl\u00e1stico"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container claim-key-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0 0 1px 0;border-color:#002b5f;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1456px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_4_5 4_5 fusion-flex-column claim-key-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1 claim-key-content\"><p><img class=\"alignleft wp-image-167\" src=\"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/true.svg\" alt=\"C\u00edrculo verde com ponto de interroga\u00e7\u00e3o no interior\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" \/> Muito provavelmente ou definitivamente verdadeiro<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignleft wp-image-166\" src=\"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/false.svg\" alt=\"C\u00edrculo vermelho com X no interior\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" \/>Falso\/ desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignleft wp-image-168\" src=\"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/unsure.svg\" alt=\"C\u00edrculo cinzento com ponto de interroga\u00e7\u00e3o no interior\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" \/>Ainda n\u00e3o temos a certeza<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:80% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 20px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 2.4%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 2.4%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:80% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 2.4%;margin-left : 2.4%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column claim-key-button-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div style=\"text-align:center;\"><style>.fusion-button.button-1{border-radius:50px 50px 50px 50px;}<\/style><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type claim-key-button\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/pesquisar-no-factfinder\/\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Altere ou aperfei\u00e7oe a pesquisa<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:20% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 20px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 9.6%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 9.6%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:20% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 9.6%;margin-left : 9.6%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#e2e2e2;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1456px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2 id=\"enter-claim-here\">As garrafas de \u00e1gua de pl\u00e1stico provocam cancro<\/h2>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3 factfinder-entry-text\"><h3>O que pode ter ouvido<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foram publicados avisos sobre os riscos relacionados com o cancro decorrentes de beber \u00e1gua de garrafas de pl\u00e1stico.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"what-science-tells-us\">O que nos diz a ci\u00eancia<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tem havido preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o com os riscos de cancro da potencial exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ao adipato de dietilhexil (DEHA), ftalato de dietilhexil (DEHP) ou bisfenol A (BPA) que podem ser encontrados em garrafas de \u00e1gua de pl\u00e1stico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A American Cancer Society afirmou que as mensagens virais que alertam contra o uso de garrafas de \u00e1gua de pl\u00e1stico n\u00e3o se baseiam em estudos revistos por pares <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/pressroom.cancer.org\/index.php?s=20296\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(ACS)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Al\u00e9m disso, a Ag\u00eancia de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental afirmou que o DEHA \u201cn\u00e3o pode ser razoavelmente considerado como causador de cancro; imunotoxicidade; muta\u00e7\u00f5es gen\u00e9ticas; toxicidade hep\u00e1tica, renal, reprodutiva ou de desenvolvimento; ou outros efeitos cr\u00f3nicos graves ou irrevers\u00edveis para a sa\u00fade\u201d (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article\/104\/9\/652\/874140?login=true\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JNCI<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Evid\u00eancias epidemiol\u00f3gicas<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De acordo com o Cancer Research Center do Reino Unido, v\u00e1rios estudos afirmam que as subst\u00e2ncias qu\u00edmicas encontradas no pl\u00e1stico s\u00e3o seguras para beber, pois os n\u00edveis de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o muito baixos <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancerresearchuk.org\/about-cancer\/causes-of-cancer\/cancer-myths\/does-using-plastic-bottles-and-containers-cause-cancer#:~:text=Some%20people%20thought%20that%20chemicals,range%20considered%20safe%20to%20humans.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Cancer Research UK)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span> <\/p>\n<h4>Evid\u00eancias laboratoriais\/elementos comprovativos<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os investigadores examinaram 10 marcas comuns de \u00e1gua engarrafada armazenadas em diferentes condi\u00e7\u00f5es. Conclu\u00edram que a temperatura e a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 luz solar desempenham um papel na degrada\u00e7\u00e3o dos ftalatos ao longo do tempo, com as temperaturas de congelamento a conter os n\u00edveis mais elevados de DEHP. No entanto, os n\u00edveis de DEHP nas amostras (entre 0,296 e 1,778 mg\/kg\/dia) estavam muito abaixo da dose m\u00e1xima considerada segura pela EPA de 20 mg\/kg\/dia (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21804311\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al-Saleh et al.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). O BPA \u00e9 um produto qu\u00edmico industrial que \u00e9 utilizado para produzir pl\u00e1stico desde a d\u00e9cada de 1960. Estes pl\u00e1sticos s\u00e3o frequentemente utilizados para produzir recipientes que armazenam alimentos e bebidas. Com base em estudos em animais, a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ao BPA em doses elevadas (mais de 100 vezes o n\u00edvel designado como seguro pela FDA) \u00e9 suscet\u00edvel de causar efeitos negativos para a sa\u00fade nos rins e no f\u00edgado. Mas a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dos EUA declarou que o BPA \u00e9 seguro nos n\u00edveis muito baixos que podem resultar do uso de garrafas de \u00e1gua (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/food-additives-petitions\/bisphenol-bpa-use-food-contact-application\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FDA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). Isto baseia-se numa revis\u00e3o de centenas de estudos (muitos dos quais testam at\u00e9 mesmo o aquecimento do pl\u00e1stico durante horas a fio), mas a FDA continua a monitorizar estes estudos (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article\/104\/9\/652\/874140?login=true\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JNCI<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><strong><i>Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o carcinog\u00e9nica do CIIC:<\/i><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Grupo 3 (n\u00e3o classific\u00e1vel quanto \u00e0 sua carcinogenicidade para o ser humano: \u00e9ter diglicid\u00edlico de bisfenol A (Araldite)).<\/span><\/h4>\n<h3 id=\"how-to-reduce-your-risk\">Como reduzir o risco<\/h3>\n<p>A FDA, o \u00f3rg\u00e3o regulador da seguran\u00e7a alimentar, informou que o BPA, o DEHP e o DEHA n\u00e3o representam risco para a sa\u00fade humana quando proveniente dos alimentos porque os n\u00edveis atuais de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o est\u00e3o muito abaixo da ingest\u00e3o di\u00e1ria toler\u00e1vel (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/food-additives-petitions\/bisphenol-bpa-use-food-contact-application\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FDA<\/a>). No entanto, se estiver preocupado com a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ao BPA, opte por garrafas de \u00e1gua de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel ou vidro. Al\u00e9m disso, alguns, embora n\u00e3o todos, os pl\u00e1sticos assinalados com c\u00f3digos de reciclagem 3 ou 7 podem ser feitos com BPA.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"bottom-line\">Conclus\u00e3o<\/h3>\n<p>N\u00e3o existem evid\u00eancias suficientes que sugiram que as garrafas de \u00e1gua de pl\u00e1stico provocam cancro. No entanto, nem todas as garrafas de \u00e1gua de pl\u00e1stico t\u00eam a mesma composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica e h\u00e1 estudos em curso sobre a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o a componentes espec\u00edficos das garrafas de \u00e1gua.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"sources-and-links-for-more-inf\">Saiba mais nestas fontes fidedignas<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/corporate_publications\/files\/factsheetbpa150121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Autoridade Europeia para a Seguran\u00e7a dos Alimentos (EFSA): Seguran\u00e7a do bisfenol A (em ingl\u00eas)<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/en\/topics\/topic\/bisphenol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EFSA: BPA (em ingl\u00eas)<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancerresearchuk.org\/about-cancer\/causes-of-cancer\/cancer-controversies\/does-using-plastic-bottles-and-containers-cause-cancer#references0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cancer Research UK: O pl\u00e1stico e o cancro (em ingl\u00eas)<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article\/104\/9\/652\/874140?login=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fillon. Chegar a uma conclus\u00e3o: o BPA e a dificuldade em provar os riscos ambientais para o cancro (em ingl\u00eas)<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pressroom.cancer.org\/index.php?s=20296\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Cancer Society (ACS): Mitos sobre as garrafas de \u00e1gua (em ingl\u00eas)<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/food-additives-petitions\/bisphenol-bpa-use-food-contact-application\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Food Drug Administration (FDA): O BPA<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/food-additives-petitions\/bisphenol-bpa-use-food-contact-application\"> e o contacto com os alimentos (em ingl\u00eas)<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21804311\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Al-Saleh et al. Res\u00edduos de ftalato em \u00e1guas em garrafas de pl\u00e1stico (em ingl\u00eas)<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"date\">Data<\/h3>\n<p>Publica\u00e7\u00e3o: 1 de junho de 2021<br \/>\nVerifica\u00e7\u00e3o\/atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o: 22 de agosto de 2022<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 20px;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[249],"tags":[131,331,330],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2597"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2597"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2597\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2725,"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2597\/revisions\/2725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cancerfactfinder.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}