What you may have heard
UV lamps used in gel manicures can cause skin cancer due to the UV radiation they emit, similar to tanning beds.
What science tells us
Epidemiological Evidence:
The evidence from epidemiological studies is currently inconclusive. While there have been anecdotal reports of individuals developing skin cancer on their hands after frequent gel manicures, comprehensive long-term studies are lacking. Therefore, it is unclear if occasional or even regular use of these UV lamps significantly increases cancer risk.
Laboratory Evidence/Supporting Evidence:
Recent research from the University of California, San Diego, demonstrated that UV-nail polish dryers can cause DNA damage and cell death in human cells. The study found that a single 20-minute session of UV exposure resulted in 20-30% cell death, while three consecutive sessions led to 65-70% cell death. DNA damage observed included mutations similar to those seen in skin cancer patients. However, this laboratory evidence, while concerning, does not directly translate to an increased risk in humans without supporting epidemiological data.
IARC Carcinogen Classification:
classifies broad-spectrum UV radiation as a Group 1 carcinogen, meaning it is carcinogenic to humans. However, the specific UV spectrum used in nail dryers (340-395nm) has not been conclusively studied in the same context as other UV sources like tanning beds.
How to reduce your risk
- Use sunscreen: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to your hands before a gel manicure to protect against UVA radiation.
- Wear protective gloves: Consider using gloves with the fingertips cut off to shield your skin from UV exposure.
- Limit frequency: Reduce the number of gel manicures you get to minimize cumulative UV exposure.
- Opt for alternative methods: Consider using non-UV methods for curing gel polish or opt for traditional nail polish.
Bottom line
While laboratory studies show that UV-nail polish dryers can cause DNA damage in cells, the evidence linking gel manicures to an increased risk of skin cancer in humans is not definitive. Until more comprehensive epidemiological data is available, it is important to take protective measures to minimize UV exposure during gel manicures.
For further reading, check out this short aricle about gel manicures and cancer risk from the Dana-Farber Cancer Insittute.